http://fieldresearch.msf.org/msf MSF captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material. Search the Channel search http://fieldresearch.msf.org/msf/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/10144/204848 Title: Loss to follow up from isoniazid preventive therapy among adults attending HIV voluntary counseling and testing sites in Uganda.<br/><br/>Authors: Namuwenge, P M; Mukonzo, J K; Kiwanuka, N; Wanyenze, R; Byaruhanga, R; Bissell, K; Zachariah, R<br/><br/>Abstract: Among HIV-infected adults attending non-governmental organization voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) sites in Uganda that provide a nine-month course of isoniazid preventive treatment (IPT), we report on loss to follow-up (LTFU) and its associated risk factors. The design was a retrospective cohort study of program data spanning a three year period (2006-2008). A total of 586 IPT patients were enrolled of whom 335 (57.1%) were females with a mean age of 34 years. Of those starting IPT, 341 (58.1%) were lost to follow-up, 197 (33.6%) completed IPT, 29 (4.9%) were discontinued and 19 (3.2%) died. The return rates at one, three, five and seven months were 78.0% (457), 62.1% (364), 52.9% (310) and 33.6% (197) respectively. Being less than 30 years of age, widowed, separated, or divorced were found to be associated with a higher risk of loss to follow-up. Sudden improvement in retention on IPT was observed between the years 2006 and 2007, although causes of the improvement are poorly understood hence the need for more research. At non-governmental VCT sites in Uganda, six out of ten individuals enrolled on IPT are lost to follow-up and efforts to reduce this attrition including systems strengthening might play a critical role in the success of IPT programs. http://hdl.handle.net/10144/204847 Title: Diagnostic management and outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis suspects admitted to a central hospital in Malawi<br/><br/>Authors: Gawa, L.G.; Reid, T.; Edginton, M.E.; Van Lettow, M.; Joshua, M.; Harries, A.D. http://hdl.handle.net/10144/198809 Title: Ambulatory Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in a Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients in a Slum Setting in Mumbai, India.<br/><br/>Authors: Isaakidis, Petros; Cox, Helen S; Varghese, Bhanumati; Montaldo, Chiara; Da Silva, Esdras; Mansoor, Homa; Ladomirska, Joanna; Sotgiu, Giovanni; Migliori, Giovanni B; Pontali, Emanuele; Saranchuk, Peter; Rodrigues, Camilla; Reid, Tony<br/><br/>Abstract: India carries one quarter of the global burden of multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) and has an estimated 2.5 million people living with HIV. Despite this reality, provision of treatment for MDR-TB is extremely limited, particularly for HIV-infected individuals. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) has been treating HIV-infected MDR-TB patients in Mumbai since May 2007. This is the first report of treatment outcomes among HIV-infected MDR-TB patients in India. http://hdl.handle.net/10144/204590 Title: Limited effectiveness of high-dose liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in an Ethiopian population with high HIV prevalence.<br/><br/>Authors: Ritmeijer, Koert; ter Horst, Rachel; Chane, Solomon; Aderie, Endashaw Mengistu; Piening, Turid; Collin, Simon M; Davidson, Robert N<br/><br/>Abstract: Due to unacceptably high mortality with pentavalent antimonials, Médecins Sans Frontières in 2006 began using liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients in Ethiopia who were severely ill or positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). http://hdl.handle.net/10144/190431 Title: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in the use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets distributed through antenatal and vaccination consultations in the "Cercle de Kangaba" region of Koulikoro, Mali<br/><br/>Authors: Oosterloo, Jan; Djoumessi, Jean Claude http://hdl.handle.net/10144/198810 Title: Building leadership capacity and future leaders in operational research in low-income countries: why and how?<br/><br/>Authors: Zachariah, R; Reid, T; Srinath, S; Chakaya, J; Legins, K; Karunakara, U; Harries, A D<br/><br/>Abstract: Very limited operational research (OR) emerges from programme settings in low-income countries where the greatest burden of disease lies. The price paid for this void includes a lack of understanding of how health systems are actually functioning, not knowing what works and what does not, and an inability to propose adapted and innovative solutions to programme problems. We use the National Tuberculosis Control Programme as an example to advocate for strong programme-level leadership to steer OR and build viable relationships between programme managers, researchers and policy makers. We highlight the need to create a stimulating environment for conducting OR and identify some of the main practical challenges and enabling factors at programme level. We focus on the important role of an OR focal point within programmes and practical approaches to training that can deliver timely and quantifiable outputs. Finally, we emphasise the need to measure successful OR leadership development at programme level and we propose parameters by which this can be assessed. This paper 1) provides reasons why programmes should take the lead in coordinating and directing OR, 2) identifies the practical challenges and enabling factors for implementing, managing and sustaining OR and 3) proposes parameters for measuring successful leadership capacity development in OR. http://hdl.handle.net/10144/204570 Title: Antiretroviral treatment uptake and attrition among HIV-positive patients with tuberculosis in Kibera, Kenya<br/><br/>Authors: Tayler-Smith, K.; Zachariah, R.; Manzi, M.; Kizito, W.; Vandenbulcke, A.; Sitienei, J.; Chakaya, J.; Harries, A. D. http://hdl.handle.net/10144/203633 Title: Toxicity associated with stavudine dose reduction from 40 to 30 mg in first-line antiretroviral therapy.<br/><br/>Authors: Pujades-Rodríguez, Mar; Dantony, Emmanuelle; Pinoges, Loretxu; Ecochard, René; Etard, Jean-François; Carrillo-Casas, Esther; Szumilin, Elisabeth<br/><br/>Abstract: To compare the incidence and timing of toxicity associated with the use of a reduced dose of stavudine from 40 to 30 mg in first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV treatment and to investigate associated risk factors. http://hdl.handle.net/10144/204572 Title: In Reply<br/><br/>Authors: Zachariah R; Gomani P; Massaquoi M; Harries AD http://hdl.handle.net/10144/146531 Title: MSF ERB Members' CVs