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Shortened Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment in Settings with a High Prevalence of Ofloxacin Resistance
(European Respiratory Society, 2017-07-20)
Effect of Previous Treatment and Sputum Quality on Diagnostic Accuracy of Xpert(®) MTB/RIF
(International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2017-04-01)
In early studies, Xpert® MTB/RIF accurately detected culture-proven pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Recent reports have, however, found a lower than expected specificity in previously treated TB patients.
Alternative sputum collection methods for diagnosis of childhood intrathoracic tuberculosis: a systematic literature review
(BMJ Journals, 2018-08-20)
Diagnosis of intrathoracic tuberculosis (ITB) is limited in children partly by their difficulty to produce sputum specimen.
Performance of LED-Based Fluorescence Microscopy to Diagnose Tuberculosis in a Peripheral Health Centre in Nairobi.
(2011-02-18)
Sputum microscopy is the only tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic available at peripheral levels of care in resource limited countries. Its sensitivity is low, particularly in high HIV prevalence settings. Fluorescence microscopy (FM) can improve performance of microscopy and with the new light emitting diode (LED) technologies could be appropriate for peripheral settings. The study aimed to compare the performance of LED-FM versus Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) microscopy and to assess feasibility of LED-FM at a low level of care in a high HIV prevalence country.
New diagnostic tests for tuberculosis in southern countries: from theory to practice in Southern countries
(Elservier, 2011-12)
Tuberculosis (TB) is responsible of 1.7 millions of deaths per year worldwide. In high burden countries sputum smear-microscopy diagnoses only half of the cases of pulmonary TB. It is unlikely that a new test will replace smear-microscopy in peripheral services in the short term.
Identification of Patients Who Could Benefit from Bedaquiline or Delamanid: a Multisite MDR-TB Cohort Study
(International Union Against TB and Lung Disease, 2016-02-01)
The World Health Organization recommends adding bedaquiline or delamanid to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) regimens for which four effective drugs are not available, and delamanid for patients at high risk of poor outcome.
Performance of the 2007 WHO Algorithm to diagnose Smear-negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a HIV prevalent setting
(2012-12-19)
The 2007 WHO algorithm for diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) culture was evaluated in a HIV prevalent area of Kenya.
Nevirapine or efavirenz for tuberculosis and HIV coinfected patients: exposure and virological failure relationship
(Oxford University Press, 2014-09-18)
We describe nevirapine and efavirenz exposure on and off tuberculosis treatment and consequences for virological efficacy and tolerance in patients included in the ANRS 12146/12214-CARINEMO trial.
Multidrug- and isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis in three high HIV burden African regions
(International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2013-08)
Despite major progress in the surveillance of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), data are lacking for many low-resource countries. World Health Organization estimates of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) rates in Africa are low, and based on very limited data from the African continent.
Predictors of Delayed Culture Conversion Among Ugandan Patients
(BioMed Central, 2017-04-24)
Estimates of month-2 culture conversion, a proxy indicator of tuberculosis (TB) treatment efficacy in phase-2 trials can vary by culture-type and geographically with lower rates reported among African sites. The sub-study aimed at comparing TB detection rates of different culture media, within and across rifampicin-based regimens (R10, 15 and 20 mg/Kg) over a 6-month treatment follow-up period, and to establish predictors of month-2 culture non-conversion among HIV-negative TB patients enrolled at RIFATOX trial site in Uganda.