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    Jan 16, 2021
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    Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Non-Malarial Febrile Illness in the Tropics

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    Authors
    Chappuis, F
    Alirol, E
    d'Acremont, V
    Bottieau, E
    Yansouni, C P
    Affiliation
    Division of International and Humanitarian Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Médecins Sans Frontières, Operational Centre Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
    Issue Date
    2013-02-15
    
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    Journal
    Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
    Abstract
    The recent roll-out of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria has highlighted the decreasing proportion of malaria-attributable illness in endemic areas. Unfortunately, once malaria is excluded, there are few accessible diagnostic tools to guide the management of severe febrile illnesses in low resource settings. This review summarizes the current state of RDT development for several key infections, including dengue fever, enteric fever, leptospirosis, brucellosis, visceral leishmaniasis and human African trypanosomiasis, and highlights many remaining gaps. Most RDTs for non-malarial tropical infections currently rely on the detection of host antibodies against a single infectious agent. The sensitivity and specificity of host-antibody detection tests are both inherently limited. Moreover, prolonged antibody responses to many infections preclude the use of most serological RDTs for monitoring response to treatment and/or for diagnosing relapse. Considering these limitations, there is a pressing need for sensitive pathogen-detection-based RDTs, as have been successfully developed for malaria and dengue. Ultimately, integration of RDTs into a validated syndromic approach to tropical fevers is urgently needed. Related research priorities are to define the evolving epidemiology of fever in the tropics, and to determine how combinations of RDTs could be best used to improve the management of severe and treatable infections requiring specific therapy.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10144/302774
    DOI
    10.1111/1469-0691.12154
    PubMed ID
    23413992
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1469-0691
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1111/1469-0691.12154
    Scopus Count
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