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    Jan 16, 2021
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    Immunogenicity of fractional doses of tetravalent A/C/Y/W135 meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine: Results from a randomized non-inferiority controlled trial in Uganda

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    Authors
    Guerin, P J
    Næss, L M
    Fogg, C
    Rosenqvist, E
    Pinoges, L
    Bajunirwe, F
    Nabasumba, C
    Borrow, R
    Frøholm, L O
    Ghabri, S
    Batwala, V
    Twesigye, R
    Aaberge, I S
    Røttingen, J A
    Piola, P
    Caugant, D A
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    Affiliation
    Epicentre, Paris, France; Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Prevention of Global Infections, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda; Health Protection Agency, Manchester, United Kingdom; Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, Oslo, Norway; Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
    Issue Date
    2008-12-02
    Submitted date
    2008-12-05
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Journal
    PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A is the main causative pathogen of meningitis epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa. In recent years, serogroup W135 has also been the cause of epidemics. Mass vaccination campaigns with polysaccharide vaccines are key elements in controlling these epidemics. Facing global vaccine shortage, we explored the use of fractional doses of a licensed A/C/Y/W135 polysaccharide meningococcal vaccine. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a randomized, non-inferiority trial in 750 healthy volunteers 2-19 years old in Mbarara, Uganda, to compare the immune response of the full dose of the vaccine versus fractional doses (1/5 or 1/10). Safety and tolerability data were collected for all subjects during the 4 weeks following the injection. Pre- and post-vaccination sera were analyzed by measuring serum bactericidal activity (SBA) with baby rabbit complement. A responder was defined as a subject with a >/=4-fold increase in SBA against a target strain from each serogroup and SBA titer >/=128. For serogroup W135, 94% and 97% of the vaccinees in the 1/5- and 1/10-dose arms, respectively, were responders, versus 94% in the full-dose arm; for serogroup A, 92% and 88% were responders, respectively, versus 95%. Non-inferiority was demonstrated between the full dose and both fractional doses in SBA seroresponse against serogroups W135 and Y, in total population analysis. Non-inferiority was shown between the full and 1/5 doses for serogroup A in the population non-immune prior to vaccination. Non-inferiority was not shown for any of the fractionate doses for serogroup C. Safety and tolerability data were favourable, as observed in other studies. CONCLUSIONS: While the advent of conjugate A vaccine is anticipated to largely contribute to control serogroup A outbreaks in Africa, the scale-up of its production will not cover the entire "Meningitis Belt" target population for at least the next 3 to 5 years. In view of the current shortage of meningococcal vaccines for Africa, the use of 1/5 fractional doses should be considered as an alternative in mass vaccination campaigns. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00271479.
    Publisher
    Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10144/47853
    DOI
    10.1371/journal.pntd.0000342
    PubMed ID
    19048025
    PubMed Central ID
    PMC2584372
    PMC2584372
    PMC2584372
    Additional Links
    http://www.plosntds.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pntd.0000342
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    Description
    These data contributed to a 2007 WHO recommendation for a fractional dosing strategy in the context of severe vaccine shortages during a meningitis epidemic.
    ISSN
    1935-2735
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1371/journal.pntd.0000342
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Vaccination

    entitlement

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