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    Jan 16, 2021
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    Temporal and spatial analysis of the 2014-2015 Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa

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    Name:
    Carroll MW et al - 2015 - Temporal ...
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    Authors
    Carroll, Miles W
    Matthews, David A
    Hiscox, Julian A
    Elmore, Michael J
    Pollakis, Georgios
    Rambaut, Andrew
    Hewson, Roger
    García-Dorival, Isabel
    Bore, Joseph Akoi
    Koundouno, Raymond
    Abdellati, Saïd
    Afrough, Babak
    Aiyepada, John
    Akhilomen, Patience
    Asogun, Danny
    Atkinson, Barry
    Badusche, Marlis
    Bah, Amadou
    Bate, Simon
    Baumann, Jan
    Becker, Dirk
    Becker-Ziaja, Beate
    Bocquin, Anne
    Borremans, Benny
    Bosworth, Andrew
    Boettcher, Jan Peter
    Cannas, Angela
    Carletti, Fabrizio
    Castilletti, Concetta
    Clark, Simon
    Colavita, Francesca
    Diederich, Sandra
    Donatus, Adomeh
    Duraffour, Sophie
    Ehichioya, Deborah
    Ellerbrok, Heinz
    Fenandez-Garcia, Maria Dolores
    Fizet, Alexandra
    Fleischmann, Erna
    Gryseels, Sophie
    Hermelink, Antje
    Hinzmann, Julia
    Hopf-Guevara, Ute
    Ighodalo, Yemisi
    Jameson, Lisa
    Kelterbaum, Anne
    Kis, Zoltan
    Kloth, Stefan
    Kohl, Claudia
    Korva, Miša
    Kraus, Annette
    Kuisma, Eeva
    Kurth, Andreas
    Liedigk, Britta
    Logue, Christopher H
    Lüdtke, Anja
    Maes, Piet
    McCowen, James
    Mély, Stéphane
    Mertens, Marc
    Meschi, Silvia
    Meyer, Benjamin
    Michel, Janine
    Molkenthin, Peter
    Muñoz-Fontela, César
    Muth, Doreen
    Newman, Edmund N C
    Ngabo, Didier
    Oestereich, Lisa
    Okosun, Jennifer
    Olokor, Thomas
    Omiunu, Racheal
    Omomoh, Emmanuel
    Pallasch, Elisa
    Pályi, Bernadett
    Portmann, Jasmine
    Pottage, Thomas
    Pratt, Catherine
    Priesnitz, Simone
    Quartu, Serena
    Rappe, Julie
    Repits, Johanna
    Richter, Martin
    Rudolf, Martin
    Sachse, Andreas
    Schmidt, Kristina Maria
    Schudt, Gordian
    Strecker, Thomas
    Thom, Ruth
    Thomas, Stephen
    Tobin, Ekaete
    Tolley, Howard
    Trautner, Jochen
    Vermoesen, Tine
    Vitoriano, Inês
    Wagner, Matthias
    Wolff, Svenja
    Yue, Constanze
    Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria
    Kretschmer, Birte
    Hall, Yper
    Kenny, John G
    Rickett, Natasha Y
    Dudas, Gytis
    Coltart, Cordelia E M
    Kerber, Romy
    Steer, Damien
    Wright, Callum
    Senyah, Francis
    Keita, Sakoba
    Drury, Patrick
    Diallo, Boubacar
    de Clerck, Hilde
    Van Herp, Michel
    Sprecher, Armand
    Traore, Alexis
    Diakite, Mandiou
    Konde, Mandy Kader
    Koivogui, Lamine
    Magassouba, N'Faly
    Avšič-Županc, Tatjana
    Nitsche, Andreas
    Strasser, Marc
    Ippolito, Giuseppe
    Becker, Stephan
    Stoecker, Kilian
    Gabriel, Martin
    Raoul, Hervé
    Di Caro, Antonino
    Wölfel, Roman
    Formenty, Pierre
    Günther, Stephan
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    Issue Date
    2015-06-17
    
    Metadata
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    Journal
    Nature
    Abstract
    West Africa is currently witnessing the most extensive Ebola virus (EBOV) outbreak so far recorded. Until now, there have been 27,013 reported cases and 11,134 deaths. The origin of the virus is thought to have been a zoonotic transmission from a bat to a twoyear-old boy in December 2013 (ref. 2). From this index case the virus was spread by human-to-human contact throughout Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. However, the origin of the particular virus in each country and time of transmission is not known and currently relies on epidemiological analysis, which may be unreliable owing to the difficulties of obtaining patient information. Here we trace the genetic evolution of EBOV in the current outbreak that has resulted in multiple lineages. Deep sequencing of 179 patient samples processed by the European Mobile Laboratory, the first diagnostics unit to be deployed to the epicentre of the outbreak in Guinea, reveals an epidemiological and evolutionary history of the epidemic from March 2014 to January 2015. Analysis of EBOV genome evolution has also benefited from a similar sequencing effort of patient samples from Sierra Leone. Our results confirm that the EBOV from Guinea moved into Sierra Leone, most likely in April or early May. The viruses of the Guinea/Sierra Leone lineage mixed around June/July 2014. Viral sequences covering August, September and October 2014 indicate that this lineage evolved independently within Guinea. These data can be used in conjunction with epidemiological information to test retrospectively the effectiveness of control measures, and provides an unprecedented window into the evolution of an ongoing viral haemorrhagic fever outbreak.
    Publisher
    Macmillan
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10144/575409
    DOI
    10.1038/nature14594
    PubMed ID
    26083749
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1476-4687
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/nature14594
    Scopus Count
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