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    Jan 16, 2021
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    Immune Responses to an Oral Cholera Vaccine in Internally Displaced Persons in South Sudan

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    Iyer et al - 2016 - Immune ...
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    Authors
    Iyer, AS
    Bouhenia, M
    Rumunu, J
    Abubakar, A
    Gruninger, RJ
    Pita, J
    Lino, RL
    Deng, LL
    Wamala, JF
    Ryan, ET
    Martin, S
    Legros, D
    Lessler, J
    Sack, DA
    Luquero, FJ
    Leung, DT
    Azman, AS
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    Issue Date
    2016-10-24
    Submitted date
    2016-10-31
    
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    Journal
    Scientific Reports
    Abstract
    Despite recent large-scale cholera outbreaks, little is known about the immunogenicity of oral cholera vaccines (OCV) in African populations, particularly among those at highest cholera risk. During a 2015 preemptive OCV campaign among internally displaced persons in South Sudan, a year after a large cholera outbreak, we enrolled 37 young children (1-5 years old), 67 older children (6-17 years old) and 101 adults (≥18 years old), who received two doses of OCV (Shanchol) spaced approximately 3 weeks apart. Cholera-specific antibody responses were determined at days 0, 21 and 35 post-immunization. High baseline vibriocidal titers (>80) were observed in 21% of the participants, suggesting recent cholera exposure or vaccination. Among those with titers ≤80, 90% young children, 73% older children and 72% adults seroconverted (≥4 fold titer rise) after the 1(st) OCV dose; with no additional seroconversion after the 2(nd) dose. Post-vaccination immunological endpoints did not differ across age groups. Our results indicate Shanchol was immunogenic in this vulnerable population and that a single dose alone may be sufficient to achieve similar short-term immunological responses to the currently licensed two-dose regimen. While we found no evidence of differential response by age, further immunologic and epidemiologic studies are needed.
    Publisher
    Nature Publishing Group
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10144/618687
    DOI
    10.1038/srep35742
    PubMed ID
    27775046
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    2045-2322
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/srep35742
    Scopus Count
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