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    Jan 15, 2021
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    Delayed second dose of oral cholera vaccine administered before high-risk period for cholera transmission: Cholera control strategy in Lusaka, 2016.

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    Ferreras et al 2019 Delayed ...
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    Authors
    Ferreras, E
    Matapo, B
    Chizema-Kawesha, E
    Chewe, O
    Mzyece, H
    Blake, A
    Moonde, L
    Zulu, G
    Poncin, M
    Sinyange, N
    Kasese-Chanda, N
    Phiri, C
    Malama, K
    Mukonka, V
    Cohuet, S
    Uzzeni, F
    Ciglenecki, I
    Danovaro-Holliday, MC
    Luquero, FJ
    Pezzoli, L
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    Issue Date
    2019-08-30
    Submitted date
    2019-11-08
    
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    Journal
    PLOS One
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: In April 2016, an emergency vaccination campaign using one dose of Oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) was organized in response to a cholera outbreak that started in Lusaka in February 2016. In December 2016, a second round of vaccination was conducted, with the objective of increasing the duration of protection, before the high-risk period for cholera transmission. We assessed vaccination coverage for the first and second rounds of the OCV campaign. METHODS: Vaccination coverage was estimated after each round from a sample selected from targeted-areas for vaccination using a cross-sectional survey in to establish the vaccination status of the individuals recruited. The study population included all individuals older than 12 months residing in the areas targeted for vaccination. We interviewed 505 randomly selected individuals after the first round and 442 after the second round. Vaccination status was ascertained either by vaccination card or verbal reporting. Households were selected using spatial random sampling. RESULTS: The vaccination coverage with two doses was 58.1% (25/43; 95%CI: 42.1-72.9) in children 1-5 years old, 59.5% (69/116; 95%CI: 49.9-68.5) in children 5-15 years old and 19.9% (56/281; 95%CI: 15.4-25.1) in adults above 15 years old. The overall dropout rate was 10.9% (95%CI: 8.1-14.1). Overall, 69.9% (n = 309/442; 95%CI: 65.4-74.1) reported to have received at least one OCV dose. CONCLUSIONS: The areas at highest risk of suffering cholera outbreaks were targeted for vaccination obtaining relatively high vaccine coverage after each round. However, the long delay between doses in areas subject to considerable population movement resulted in many individuals receiving only one OCV dose. Additional vaccination campaigns may be required to sustain protection over time in case of persistence of risk. Further evidence is needed to establish a maximum optimal interval time of a delayed second dose and variations in different settings.
    Publisher
    The Public Library of Science
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10144/619530
    DOI
    10.1371/journal.pone.0219040
    PubMed ID
    31469853
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1932-6203
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1371/journal.pone.0219040
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Vaccination

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