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    Apr 22, 2021
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    High cholera vaccination coverage following emergency campaign in Haiti: Results from a cluster survey in three rural Communes in the South Department, 2017

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    Sharp et al 2020 High cholera ...
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    Authors
    Sharp, A
    Blake, A
    Backx, J
    Panunzi, I
    Barrais, R
    Nackers, F
    Luquero, F
    Deslouches, YG
    Cohuet, S
    Issue Date
    2020-01-31
    Submitted date
    2020-02-06
    
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    Journal
    PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
    Abstract
    Oral cholera vaccine (OCV) has increasingly been used as an outbreak control measure, but vaccine shortages limit its application. A two-dose OCV campaign targeting residents aged over 1 year was launched in three rural Communes of Southern Haiti during an outbreak following Hurricane Matthew in October 2016. Door-to-door and fixed-site strategies were employed and mobile teams delivered vaccines to hard-to-reach communities. This was the first campaign to use the recently pre-qualified OCV, Euvichol. The study objective was to estimate post-campaign vaccination coverage in order to evaluate the campaign and guide future outbreak control strategies. We conducted a cluster survey with sampling based on random GPS points. We identified clusters of five households and included all members eligible for vaccination. Local residents collected data through face-to-face interviews. Coverage was estimated, accounting for the clustered sampling, and 95% confidence intervals calculated. 435 clusters, 2,100 households and 9,086 people were included (99% response rate). Across the three communes respectively, coverage by recall was: 80.7% (95% CI:76.8-84.1), 82.6% (78.1-86.4), and 82.3% (79.0-85.2) for two doses and 94.2% (90.8-96.4), 91.8% (87-94.9), and 93.8% (90.8-95.9) for at least one dose. Coverage varied by less than 9% across age groups and was similar among males and females. Participants obtained vaccines from door-to-door vaccinators (53%) and fixed sites (47%). Most participants heard about the campaign through community 'criers' (58%). Despite hard-to-reach communities, high coverage was achieved in all areas through combining different vaccine delivery strategies and extensive community mobilisation. Emergency OCV campaigns are a viable option for outbreak control and where possible multiple strategies should be used in combination. Euvichol will help alleviate the OCV shortage but effectiveness studies in outbreaks should be done.
    Publisher
    Public Library of Science
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10144/619601
    DOI
    10.1371/journal.pntd.0007967
    PubMed ID
    32004316
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1935-2735
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1371/journal.pntd.0007967
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Vaccination

    entitlement

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