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    Apr 22, 2021
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    Effectiveness of oral cholera vaccine in preventing cholera among fishermen in Lake Chilwa, Malawi: A case-control study

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    Grandesso et al 2019 Effectiveness ...
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    Authors
    Grandesso, F
    Kasambara, W
    Page, AL
    Debes, AK
    M'bang'ombe, M
    Palomares, A
    Lechevalier, P
    Pezzoli, L
    Alley, I
    Salumu, L
    Msyamboza, K
    Sack, D
    Cohuet, S
    Luquero, FJ
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    Issue Date
    2019-06-19
    Submitted date
    2020-07-25
    
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    Journal
    Vaccine
    Abstract
    Background: In response to a cholera outbreak among mobile, difficult-to-reach fishermen on Lake Chilwa, Malawi in 2016, a novel vaccine distribution strategy exploited the proven vaccine thermostability. Fishermen, while taking the first vaccine dose under supervision, received the second dose in a sealed bag, and were told to drink it two weeks later. This study assessed short-term vaccine protection of this strategy. Methods: Patients with diarrhoea admitted to health facilities around lake were interviewed and a stool sample collected for PCR testing. Vaccine effectiveness was assessed in a case-control test-negative design by comparing cases (PCR-positive for V. cholerae O1) and controls (patients with diarrhoea but PCR-negative) and with the screening method that compared the proportions of vaccinated among cholera cases versus the general fishermen population. Results: Of 145 study participants, 120 were fishermen living on the lake. Vaccine effectiveness at three-months was 90.0% [95%CI:38.8;98.4] among fishermen and 83.3% [95%CI: 20.8; 96.5] among all participants in the case-control test-negative design, and 97.5% [95%CI: 90.9;99.3] with the screening method. Conclusion: This strategy was effective in providing short-term protection in fishermen against cholera. Further research is needed to determine the adding value of the second dose and to identify the optimal vaccination strategies for different contexts.
    Publisher
    Elsevier
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10144/619717
    DOI
    10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.05.044
    PubMed ID
    31133470
    Type
    Article
    Other
    Language
    en
    EISSN
    1873-2518
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.05.044
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Vaccination

    entitlement

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